Learn Class 8 Science - Conservation of Plants and Animals

For conserving plants and animals, sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves are maintained.

Wildlife sanctuaries

It is an area away from wild animals where they can use natural resources and roam freely. Protected areas play an immense role in the conservation of endangered species. For example, in Assam, there is the Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary to protect rhinos. They are allowed to breed there. Hunting, killing, and poaching of organisms is strictly prohibited in the sanctuaries. There are 564 protected areas in India.

National parks

A vast area with enough space to preserve the totality of ecosystems is called a national park. It protects the fauna, flora, landscape and historical ecosystem of the area. There are 106 national parks in India. Ex. Kanha National Park in Rajasthan.

Biosphere reserve

A biosphere reserve is a widely protected area that preserves the biological diversity and culture of a specific area. It includes marine, coastal and terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, biosphere reserves are learning sites for sustainable development. There are 18 biosphere reserves in India.

Deforestation

Cutting down trees and clearing land for other purposes is called deforestation. Today, deforestation is the biggest threat to wildlife. This is because deforestation leads to the destruction of the dwellings of wildlife. This makes it difficult for organisms to survive.