Agriculture is the practical discipline of biology concerned with the cultivation of plants and the upbringing of animals. Agriculture refers to the art or practice of farming land in general. Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture that deals with animal diet, health, and management.
Crop
When plants of the same species are produced and farmed on a big scale in one location, this is referred to as a crop.
Crops can also be categorized according to the seasons, as seen below:
Kharif Crops
Kharif crops are grown during the monsoon (rainy) season (June-September). Examples are crops such as maize, millet (bajra), and cotton. These crops' seeds are planted at the start of the monsoon season. These crops are harvested after the monsoon season once they have matured (Oct.-Nov.)
Rabi Crops
Rabi crops are grown throughout the winter months (October to March). Wheat, gramme, and mustard, for example. These crops' seeds are planted at the start of the winter season. Crops are harvested after the winter season after they mature (April-May).
Agricultural Practices
Agricultural practices refer to all activities farmers engage in to cultivate plants.
Basic Crop Production Techniques
Soil preparation
Before planting crop seeds, the soil in the fields is loosened and churned. Ploughing or tilling is the term for this process.
Plough
A plough is a vast farming instrument with one or more blades attached in a frame to turn the soil over and cut furrows. Ploughs can be manufactured entirely of wood, wood, iron, or iron alone.
Learning Videos for 8th Grade Science - Crop Production and Management